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Double payment in the construction process – investor risks resulting from direct payments to subcontractors

The institution of direct payment to subcontractors was introduced into the Civil Code (CC) in order to protect entities participating in the implementation of construction projects. Pursuant to Article 647¹ of the CC, an investor may be jointly and severally liable for remuneration due to a subcontractor, provided that the subcontractor’s participation in the performance […]

Electronic auctions in public procurement – when can they be invalidated and how can you defend your rights?

What is an electronic auction? An electronic auction is a specific form of competition between contractors, the aim of which is for the contracting authority to obtain the most advantageous bid. An electronic auction is not a separate procedure for awarding a contract, but a method of selecting a bid, providing an additional opportunity to […]